Page 617 - index

Ƚɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ɛɿɪ ɚɣɧɚɥɵɦɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɠɢɵɧɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭ ԛɲɿɧ,
ɠԛɤɬɿԙ ɤԧɥɛɟɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɩɟɧ (14 Ω-ɫɭɪɟɬ) ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ȼԝɥ

ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟɝɿ: E – ɨɣɵԕɬɵԙ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ, s1 – ɨɣɵԕɬɵԙ ԕɚɞɚɦɵ, f c –
ɨɣɵԕɬɚԑɵ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫɬɿԙ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ, U c arctg f c .

ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɧɵ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ: (6)

Ap AP Pscd2tgE U c.

ɀԝɦɵɫɬɚɪ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɟ (3) ɠɨԑɚɪɵɞɚԑɵ 4, 5 ɠԥɧɟ 6 ԧɪɧɟɤɬɟɪɞɿ ԕɨɣɵɩ,

ɨɥɚɪɞɵ 2S ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɬԕɚɧɧɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ Ɋ ɦɟɧ Ɍ ɤ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ
ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ:

Tk P ª Dɨɪɬ f d2 tg E U cº» . (7)
« 2 2
¬ ¼

Ȼԝɥ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ: Ɋ Dɨɪɬ f Ɍ ɬ – ɝɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ɬɿɪɟɥɝɟɧ ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ
2

ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ (5), ɚɥ ԧɪɧɟɤɬɿԙ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɛԧɥɿɝɿ ɨɣɵԕɬɚԑɵ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ:

P d2 tg E U c Tɪ . (8)
2

3.1. Ϊɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɠɟɥɭ ɠΩɧɟ ɛΡɪɚɧɞɚ ɠΡɛɵɧɵΝ ɩɚɣɞɚɥɵ ɠΡɦɵɫ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ. ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ 14 Ω-ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟ ɠԛɤɬɿ ɤԧɬɟɪɭ
ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ. Ⱥɥ ɠԛɤɬɿ ɬԧɦɟɧ ɬԛɫɿɪɝɟɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ U c ɤԧɬɟɪɿɥɭ

ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚɧ ɚɥɵɩ ɬɚɫɬɚɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ, ɹԑɧɢ E U c . ȿɝɟɪ ɠɚɥԑɚɧ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕ

ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ( E U c ) ɬɚԙɛɚɫɵ ɨԙ (ɩɥɸɫ) ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɠԛɤ ɫɚɥɦɚԕ ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ

ԥɫɟɪɿɦɟɧ ɬԧɦɟɧ ɬԛɫɟɞɿ, ɹԑɧɢ Ϋɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɠɟɥɭ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɞɵ. ȿɝɟɪ ( E U c )

ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ɬɚԙɛɚɫɵ ɬɟɪɿɫ (ɦɢɧɭɫ) ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɠԛɤ, ɛɿɪ ɨɪɧɵɧɞɚ ɬԝɪɚɞɵ,
ɹԑɧɢ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɦɚɣɞɵ, ɞɟɦɟɤ Ϋɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɠɟɥɭ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ԧɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ
ɬɟɠɟɥɭɞɿԙ ɲɚɪɬɵ:

E % Uc. (9)

ȿɝɟɪ ɛɟɤɿɬɩɟ ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪ ԛɲɿɧ ɤԧɬɟɪɿɥɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ( E ) ɲɚɦɚɫɵ 1,5

ɝɪɚɞɭɫɬɚɧ 4 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɬɵԙ ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ ɠɚɬɚɬɵɧɵɧ, ɚɥ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ

( U c ) ɲɚɦɚɫɵ 6 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɬɚɧ 16 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɬɵԙ ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ ɠɚɬɚɬɵɧɵɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɫɟɤ,

ɨɧɞɚ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɛɟɤɿɬɩɟ ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪɵ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɠɟɥɝɿɲ ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.

Ⱥɥ ɟɧɞɿ ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚ ɠԝɛɵɧɵԙ ɩɚɣɞɚɥɵ ɠԝɦɵɫ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿɧɟ K ɤɟɥɟɬɿɧ

ɛɨɥɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ ɨɧɵԙ, ɤԧɛɿɧɟ, ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚɥɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɞɟɪ ԛɲɿɧ ɤɟɪɟɤ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵɧ
ɚɣɬԕɚɧ ɠԧɧ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ – ɝɚɣɤɚɧɵ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫɫɿɡ ɛԝɪɚɩ ɤɿɪɝɿɡɭɝɟ
ɤɟɬɤɟɧ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɵԙ, ɨɫɵ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɵԙ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫɬɿ ɟɫɤɟɪɝɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ:

K Dɨɪɬ tgE . (10)
d2
tgE Uc

615