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2. Ȼԝɪɚɧɞɚɧɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɝɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ԕɚɭɿɩɬɿ ԕɢɦɚɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɠɵɪɵɥɭɵɧɵԙ

(ԕɢɵɥɭɵɧɵԙ) ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ – >V ɠ @ >W @.

Ɇɵɠɵɥɭ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɨɣɵԕɬɵԙ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɲɚɪɬɵ (ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚ ɦɟɧ ɝɚɣɤɚ
ԛɲɿɧ):

Ɋ
S d2hz
> @V ɲ Vɦ d Vɦ , (12)
max

ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ z H – ɝɚɣɤɚɞɚԑɵ, ɛɢɿɤɬɿɝɿ H ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɨɪɚɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ
s

ɫɚɧɵ.

ɀɵɪɵɥɭ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɨɣɵԕɬɵԙ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɲɚɪɬɬɚɪɵ
– ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚ ԛɲɿɧ

W P d >W @, (13-ɚ)
S d1KH (13-ԥ)

– ɝɚɣɤɚ ԛɲɿɧ

W P d >W @,
S d KH

ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɚԑɵ: K ab ɧɟɦɟɫɟ K ce – ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɬԛɪɥɟɪɿɧɟ ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿ
s s

ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ.
ȿɝɟɪ ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚ ɦɟɧ ɝɚɣɤɚ ɛɿɪ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɧ ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɠɵɪɵɥɭ

ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚ ԑɚɧɚ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɥɟɞɿ, ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ: d d1 .

Ƚɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ɛɢɿɤɬɿɝɿɧ ɬɚԑɚɣɵɧɞɚԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚɧɵԙ
ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɿɪɞɟɣ ɛɨɥɭɵ ɟɫɤɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ. Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ, ɫɨɡɵɥɭɞɚԑɵ ɠԥɧɟ
ɠɵɪɵɥɭɞɚԑɵ ɲɟɤɬɿɤ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɵԙ ɚԑɭ ɲɟɝɿɧ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɩ,

ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ W ɚ | 0,6V ɚ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɨɣɵԕɬɵԙ ɠɵɪɵɥɭԑɚ ɠԥɧɟ

ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚɧɵԙ ɫɨɡɵɥɭԑɚ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤɬɟɪ ɛɿɪɞɟɣɥɿɝɿɧɿԙ ɲɚɪɬɵɧ ɠɚɡɚɦɵɡ:

W P 0,6 S P , (14)
S d1KH d12

4

ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɚԑɵ: P V – ɛԝɪɚɧɞɚɧɵԙ ɫɨɡɵɥɭ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ.
S d12

4
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ 14-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚɧ ɝɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ɛɢɿɤɬɿɝɿɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɦɵɫɚɥɵ,

Ʉ 0,8 ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɇ | 0,5d1 .

Ɉɣɵԕɬɚɪɞɚԑɵ ɤɟɪɧɟɥɝɟɧ ɤԛɣɞɿԙ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿɥɿɝɿɧ (ԝɧɬɚԕɬɚɥɚɧɭɞɵԙ ԥɫɟɪɿɧɟɧ
ɨɣɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ԥɥɫɿɪɟɭɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɛԝɪɚɩ ɤɿɪɝɿɡɭɞɟɝɿ ɡɚԕɵɦɞɚɧɭ) ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ,

ɝɚɣɤɚɧɵԙ ɛɢɿɤɬɿɝɿɧ ɇ | 0,8d

ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɦɟɧ ɬɚԑɚɣɵɧɞɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

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