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ɛɿɪɚԕ (rB rA ) = AB ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ:
MO (F ) MO (Fc) Ⱥȼ u F .

62-ɫɭɪɟɬ

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Ȼԝɥ ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɟɝɿ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɿɧɞɿ Ⱥȼu F ɠԝɩɬɵԙ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ,

ɚɥ ɛԝɥ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɿԙ ɫɚɧ ɦԥɧɿ ɤԛɲ ɠԝɛɵɧɵԙ ɦɨɞɭɥɿɧ ɢɿɧɝɟ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɤɟɧɝɟ ɬɟԙ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɠԝɩ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕԕɚ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ
ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ, ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕԕɚ ԕɚɪɚԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɨɧɵԙ ɚɣɧɚɥɵɫɵ ɫɚԑɚɬ ɬɿɥɿɧɿԙ
ɚɣɧɚɥɭɵɧɚ ԕɚɪɫɵ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɞɿ, ɹԑɧɢ:

M (F, F/) M MO(F) MO(F/) . (30)

Ɇɨɦɟɧɬɬɿԙ ɰɟɧɬɪɿ A ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ ɞɟɩ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ: (31)
M Ⱥ (Fc) 0 ɠԥɧɟ M (F, Fc) M M Ⱥ (F ) .

Ɉɫɵ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɦɚɧɵ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:
ɠΡɩɬɵΝ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵΙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ, ɨɫɵ ɠΡɩɬɵΝ ɛɿɪ ɤΟɲɿɧɿΝ, ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɤΟɲɿɧɿΝ Ωɫɟɪ
ɟɬɭ ɧΟɤɬɟɫɿ ɚɪΙɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧΕɚɧ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵΙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧɟ ɬɟΝ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

2.3. Ԥɪ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɪɞɚ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɠԝɩɬɚɪɞɵ ԕɨɫɭ. Ȼɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɟɤɿ ɠԝɩ ɛɿɪ-
ɛɿɪɿɦɟɧ Ⱥȼ ɫɵɡɵԑɵɦɟɧ ԕɢɵɥɵɫɵɩ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɀ1 ɠԥɧɟ ɀ2 ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɞɚ

ɠɚɬɫɵɧ. Ɉɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ Ɇ1 ɦɟɧ Ɇ 2 ɛɨɥɫɵɧ (63-ɫɭɪɟɬ).
ɀɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɢɵɥɵɫɭ ɫɵɡɵԑɵɧ ( Ⱥȼ ) ɢɿɧ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɩ, ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ
ɟɤɿ ɠԝɩɬɵ ɨɫɵ ɢɿɧ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɬԛɪɥɟɧɞɿɪɟɣɿɤ. ɋɭɪɟɬɬɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧɞɟɣ:
ɬԛɪɥɟɧɞɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɠԝɩ ( Ɋ, Ɋ/ ), ɨɧɵԙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ – Ɇ1 , ɚɥ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɠԝɩ ( Q,Qc ),

ɦԝɧɵԙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ – Ɇ 2 . ɉɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɟɪɟɠɟɫɿɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɩ, P ɠԥɧɟ Q
ɤԛɲɬɟɪɿɧ ԕɨɫɵɩ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɤԛɲɿɧ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ F P Q . Ȼԝɥ ɤԛɲ
ȼ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɟ ɬԛɫɿɪɿɥɟɞɿ. Fc Pc Qc ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ, ɛɿɪ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɠԝɩɩɟɧ
( F, Fc ) ɚɥɦɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɞɵ.

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