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P. 403
– ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ Ιɵɫɵɦ ɛΡɪɵɲɵɧɵΝ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ΙΡɪɚɭɲɵɫɵ ɞɟɩ,
ԕɵɫɵɦ ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɹɫɵɧɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɥɝɟɧ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ
ɦɟɧ ɨɫɵ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɧɿԙ ɚɣɧɚɥɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɚ ɬԛɫɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵ
ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɛԝɪɵɲ T t ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
80-ɫɭɪɟɬ
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ, ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɤɟԙɿɫɬɿɤɬɟ ɠɚɬɭɵɧɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ, ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɝɟ
ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ԕɵɫɵɦ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ɟɤɿ ԕԝɪɚɭɲɵɫɵɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ɉɥɚɪ:
– ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ Ιɵɫɵɦ ɛΡɪɵɲɵɧɵΝ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ΙΡɪɚɭɲɵɫɵ ɞɟɩ
ԕɵɫɵɦ ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɹɫɵɧɚ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɥɝɟɧ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ
ɦɟɧ ɨɫɵ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɧɿԙ ɚɣɧɚɥɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɚ ɬԛɫɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵ
ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɛԝɪɵɲ T t ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
– ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ Ιɵɫɵɦ ɛΡɪɵɲɵɧɵΝ ɬɿɤ (ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶ) ΙΡɪɚɭɲɵɫɵ ɞɟɩ
ԕɵɫɵɦ ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ ɛɚԑɵɬɵ ɦɟɧ ɤԛɣɟɧɬɟɧɿԙ ɚɣɧɚɥɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ
ɛԝɪɵɲ T n ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥԑɚ, ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ԕԝɪɚɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭɞɵԙ ɠɨɥɵɧ, B ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ B1
ɠԥɧɟ B2 ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ AB ɛɭɵɧɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ ɛɿɪ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɭ
ɨɪɧɵ ԛɲɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɣɿɤ (80-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ɉɫɵ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚ, B2 ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɟɬɿɩ,
ɪɚɞɢɭɫɵ ɛԝɥԑɚԕɬɵԙ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵɧɚ l ɬɟԙ ɲɟԙɛɟɪ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɟɦɿɡ. ɉɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ ɨɫɿɧɿԙ
ɨɫɵ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɦɟɧ ԕɢɵɥɵɫɭ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧ N ԥɪɩɿɦɟɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɫɟɤ, B2 B1N ɬɿɤ
ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵ ԛɲɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ԛɲɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԙ B1N ɤɚɬɟɬɿ,
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