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81-ɫɭɪɟɬ

Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɧɿԙ Ɇ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɹɫɵ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵ ԕɢɫɵԕ ɛɨɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ,
BC CD CM b ɲɚɪɬɵɧɵԙ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ ɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɥɟɞɿ.
ɋɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɨɫɿ AD ɬɿɪɟɝɿɦɟɧ - ‘BCM ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ ԕԝɪɚɩ, D ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ
ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ԧɬɟɞɿ. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɥɟɪ a, d ɠԥɧɟ - – ɛԝɥԑɚԕɬɵԕ ԕɢɫɵԕɬɵԙ ɰɟɧɬɪɿ
ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɨɫɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɝɟ ɟԙ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɠɭɵԕɬɚɭɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɬɵɧ
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɬɚԙɞɚɥɵɧɵɩ ɚɥɵɧɚɞɵ. Ɉɫɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɪ ɫɚԕɬɚɥɚɬɵɧ
ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɛԝɥԑɚԕɬɵԕ ԕɢɫɵԕɬɵԙ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɞɨԑɚɫɵɦɟɧ ɚɥɬɵ ɨɪɬɚԕ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ ɲɟɤɬɿɤ ɚɭɵɬԕɭ – ɬɚԙɛɚɥɚɪɵ ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɛɿɪɿ ԧɡɝɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɠɟɬɿ
ɪɟɬ ԕɚɣɬɚɥɚɧɚɞɵ.

ȿɝɟɪ ȿɆ ɛɭɵɧɵɧɵԙ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɵɧɞɚɣ ɟɬɿɩ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɧɫɚ,
ɚɥ ȿ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɰɟɧɬɪɿɧɟ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ Ɇ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ
ɛԝɥԑɚԕɬɵԕ ԕɢɫɵԕɬɵԙ (80-ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟ ɠɭɚɧɞɚɭ ɫɵɡɵԕɩɟɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɞɨԑɚ
ɫɟɤɿɥɞɿ ԕɢɫɵԕ) ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ԕɨɡԑɚɥԑɚɧɞɚ, EF ɛɭɵɧɵ ɬɨԕɬɚɩ ԕɚɥɚɞɵ. Ⱥɥ
Ɇ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɚɪɚɥɵԕɬɚ ԕɨɡԑɚɥԑɚɧɞɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɨɥ ɛɭɵɧ ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ԧɪɿɫ
ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ (\ max ) ɨɪɵɧ ɚɭɵɫɬɵɪɚɞɵ.

Ɍԛɡɭ ɫɵɡɵԕ ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɭɲɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ, ɑɟɛɵɲɟɜɬɿԙ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ
ɞɨԑɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɭɲɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɿɧɿԙ ɠɟɤɟɥɟɧɝɟɧ ɬԛɪɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ
ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ. ɋɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɿɲɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɟԙ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿɫɿ – - ɛԝɪɵɲɵ 1800 -ԕɚ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ,
ɑɟɛɵɲɟɜɬɿԙ ɬԛɡɭ ɫɵɡɵԕ ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɭɲɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɿ (82-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ȼԝɥ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ԛɲ ɬԥɭɟɥɫɿɡ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɥɟɪɦɟɧ ( a, b ɠԥɧɟ d ) ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ɇ
ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ ɬԛɡɭɞɟɧ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵ ɟԙ ɚɡ ɛɨɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ 3d a 2b
ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥɭɵ ɦɿɧɞɟɬɬɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɬɿ. Ɉɫɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɥԑɚɧ
ɤɟɡɞɟ, Ɇ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɛԝɥԑɚԕɬɵԕ ԕɢɫɵԑɵ ɬԛɡɭɦɟɧ ɚɥɬɵ ɪɟɬ ԕɢɵɥɵɫɚɞɵ, ɚɥ
ɲɟɤɬɿɤ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵ – ɬɚԙɛɚɥɚɪɵ ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ ɛɿɪɿ ԧɡɝɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɠɟɬɿ ɪɟɬ

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