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Ɍɚɛɵɥԑɚɧ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɵɩ, ɠɚԙɚ ɠԛɣɟɞɟɝi ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵԕ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɬɚɛɚɣɵԕ:

J u ³ yCosD xSinD 2 dA ,
A

JV ³ ySinD xCosD 2 dA ,
A

J uV ³ yCosD xSinD ˜ ySinD xCosD dA .
A

ɀɚԕɲɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɲɵɩ, ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵ ɪɟɬiɧɞɟ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɫɚԕ:

Ju J xCos2D J xySin2D J y Sin2D ,

Ju J x Sin2D J xy Sin2D J yCos2D , (5.15)

J uV J xyCos2D Jx Jy Sin2D .
2

Ⱥɥɞɵԙԑɵ ɟɤi ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞiԙ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪiɧ ɛiɪ-ɛiɪiɧɟ ԕɨɫɫɚԕ,

Ju JV J x J y Const ɟɤɟɧi ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɟɞi. ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ԧɡɚɪɚ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ

ɟɤi ɨɫɶɬɟɪɞɟɝi ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪiɧiԙ ԕɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵ D ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ ɬԥɭɟɥɞi
ɛɨɥɦɚɣɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫiɧ ԕɚɧɞɚɣ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɚɪԑɚ ɛԝɪɫɚ ɞɚ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ
ԧɡɝɟɪɦɟɣɞi ɞɟɝɟɧ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵԑɚ ɤɟɥɟɦiɡ. ɂɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪiɧiԙ ԕɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵ
ɬԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɛɨɥɭ ԛɲiɧ, ɨɧɵԙ ɛiɪi ԧɫɤɟɧɞɟ, ɟɤiɧɲiɫi ɚɡɚɣɵɩ ɨɬɵɪɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ⱦɟɦɟɤ,
D ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɥɝiɥi ɛiɪ ɦԥɧiɧɞɟ, ɛiɪ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬi ԧɡiɧiԙ ɲɚɪɵԕɬɚɭ
ɲɟɝiɧɟ ɠɟɬɫɟ (max), ɟɤiɧɲiɫi ɟԙ ɬԧɦɟɧɝi (min) ɞɟԙɝɟɣɞɟ ɛɨɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ɉɫɵ
ɤɟɡɞɟɝi ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԙ ɦԥɧiɧ ɬɚɛɭ ԛɲiɧ, ԛɲiɧɲi ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ Ju ɬɟԙɞiɝiɧ D

ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɩ, ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ԧɪɧɟɤɬi ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙɟɫɬiɪɟɦiɡ:

tg 2D 2 J xy . (5.16)
Jy Jx

Ɉɫɵ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ D ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɞɚ ԛɲiɧɲi ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ
ɰɟɧɬɪɞɟɧ ɬɟɩɤiɲ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬiɧiԙ (Jv) ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɟɤɟɧiɧ ɤԧɪɟɦiɡ.
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ɰɟɧɬɪɞɟɧ ɬɟɩɤiɲ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬi ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ, ɚɥ ɨɫɶɬiɤ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪi ɷɤɫɬɪɟɦɚɥ ɲɚɦɚԑɚ ɢɟ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɛɚɫ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ɟɝɟɪ ɛԝɥ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɨɪɬɚɥɵԕ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɨɥɚɪ ɨɪɬɚɥɵԕ ɛɚɫ
ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ȼɚɫ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɞɟɝi ɨɫɶɬiɤ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪi ɛɚɫ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪi ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼɚɫ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪiɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ ɨԙɚɣ ɛɨɥɭ ԛɲiɧ, ԛɲiɧɲi ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɵ
ɬԛɪɥɟɧɞiɪɟɣiɤ.

Ju Jx Jy Jy Jx Cos2D J xy ˜ Sin2D ,
2 2

JV Jx Jy Jy Jx Cos2D J xy ˜ Sin2D .
2 2

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