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P. 541
wV x wW xy wW xz X U 0. (8.2)
wx wy wz
Ɉɫɵ ɫɟɤiɥɞi, ɭ ɠԥɧɟ z ɨɫɶɬɟɪiɧɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɩ, ɬɚԑɵ ɟɤi ɬɟԙɞɟɭ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ:
wW yx wV y wW yz Y U 0; (8.3)
wx wy wz
wW yx wV y wW yz ZU 0. (8.4)
wx wy wz
ɋɬɚɬɢɤɚɧɵԙ ԕɚɥԑɚɧ ԛɲ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ԕԝɪɵɩ, ɛԝɪɵɧɧɚɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ, ɠɚɧɚɦɚ
ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɠԝɩɬɵԕ ɡɚԙɵɧ ԕɚɣɬɚɥɚɣɦɵɡ. əԑɧɢ:
> @ > @ > @ > @> @ > @W zx W xz , W zy W yz , W yx W xy . (8.5)
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, (8.2), (8.3) ɠԥɧɟ (8.4) ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɝɟ ɫɨԙԑɵ (8.5) ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɿ ԕɨɫɫɚԕ,
ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɡɞɟɪ ɫɚɧɵ ɚɥɬɵԑɚ ɞɟɣɿɧ ɤɟɦɢɞɿ. Ⱦɟɝɟɧɦɟɧ, ɚɥɬɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɡ ɛɚɪ ԛɲ ɬɟԙɞɟɭ
((8.2), (8.3), (8.4)) ɫɬɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ ɠԛɣɟ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɬɵɧɵ
ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɠԛɣɟɧɿ ɲɟɲɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɞɟɧɟɧɿԙ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɤԛɣɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɭɝɟ
ɬɭɪɚ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ, ɨɧɵ ɤɟɣɿɧɿɪɟɤ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ.
§ 2. Ʉԧɥɛɟɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚԑɵ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪ
Ԧɬɤɟɧ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɬɚ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɝɟ ɤɿɪɟɬɿɧ
ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɞiԙ, ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚɪɞɚ
ɠɚɬԕɚɧɞɚɪɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ. Ⱥɥ ɤɟɪɧɟɥɝɟɧ ɤԛɣɞɿ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ
ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕɬɚԑɵ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɞɿ ɛɿɥɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ɉɥ ԛɲɿɧ ɞɟɧɟɞɟɧ
ԕɚɛɵɪԑɚɥɚɪɵ dɯ, dɭ ɠԥɧɟ dz ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɬɟɬɪɚɷɞɪ ɛԧɥɿɩ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ (102-ɫɭɪɟɬ).
Ȼԝɥ ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟɝɿ:
Ɉɜ = dz; Oɫ = dx; Oɚ = dy; Cos (x,K) = " ; Cos (y,K) = m; Cos (z,K) = n.
Ʉԧɥɛɟɭ ɚɜɫ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɚ K ɧɨɪɦɚɥɿɧ ɠԛɪɝɿɡɿɩ, ɨɧɵԙ ɚɭɞɚɧɵɧ dZ ɞɟɩ
ɚɥɚɣɵԕ. Ɉɫɶɬɟɪɦɟɧ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɨɫɢɧɭɫɬɚɪɵ l, m
ɠԥɧɟ n ԥɪɿɩɬɟɪɿɦɟɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɧɿɩ, ɯ ɨɫɿɧɟ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ 102-ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟ
ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ.
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