Page 73 - index

A2 B2 S ˜ sin D 0, A3 B3 P S ˜ cos D 0,
2 2

S ˜ a ˜ cos D P ˜ a ˜ cosD 0, P b B3 ˜ b 0, B2 ˜b 0 (ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
2 2 2

0 0 -ɬɟԙɛɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɝɿɧɟ ɚɣɧɚɥɚɞɵ).

Ɉɫɵ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɞɿ ɲɟɲɤɟɧɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ:

P P ˜ cosD ˜ tg D P
2 2 2
B2 0 , B3 40ɧ , Ⱥ2 9, 3ɧ , Ⱥ3 (1 cosD ) 5, 4ɧ ,
2

S P ˜ cosD 35,9ɧ .

2 ˜ cos D
2

§8. Ʉɟԙɿɫɬɿɤɬɿɤ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ԛɲɿɧ ȼɚɪɢɧɶɨɧ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɫɵ
ȿɝɟɪ ɤɟԙɿɫɬɿɤɬɿɤ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤԛɲɤɟ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɭɝɟ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ
ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ȼɚɪɢɧɶɨɧ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɫɵɧ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ⱦɟɦɟɤ,
ɤɟΝɿɫɬɿɤɬɿɤ ɤΟɲɬɟɪ ɠΟɣɟɫɿɧɿΝ ɬɟΝ Ωɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤΟɲɿɧɿΝ ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ɰɟɧɬɪɝɟ
Ιɚɬɵɫɬɵ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵΙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɛɚɪɥɵΙ ɤΟɲɬɟɪɞɿΝ, ɫɨɥ ɰɟɧɬɪɝɟ Ιɚɬɵɫɬɵ
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵΙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧɿΝ ɠɢɵɧɵɧɚ ɬɟΝ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ

oo oo
¦M O (F ) M O(Fi) . (42)

oo

ȿɝɟɪ F ɛ z 0 , ɚɥ M ɛɈ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪԑɚ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ
ɛɨɥԑɚɧ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚ ɤɟԙɿɫɬɿɤɬɿɤ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤԛɲɤɟ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɭɝɟ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. ȿɤɿ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɵ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ.

1) ɟɝɟɪ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɟɦɟɫ ( Fɛ z 0 ), ɚɥ O ɰɟɧɬɪɿ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ

ɛɚɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ( ɆɛɈ 0 ) ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ O ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɟ
ɬԛɫɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪԑɚ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ, ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭ ɤԛɲɿɧɟ
ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɟɞɿ.

2) ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿ O ɰɟɧɬɪɿɧɟ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɝɟɧɧɟɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ Fɛ z 0 , ɆɛɈ z 0 ɠԥɧɟ ɛɚɫ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪԑɚ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ (70-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ɉɫɵ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɛɚɫ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ( ɆɛɈ ) ɀ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɞɚ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ ɠԝɩ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ,

ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɨɧɵԙ ɨɪɧɵɧɚ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɿ Fɛ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ (Fc, F ) ɠԝɛɵɧ (ԕɨɫ

ɤԛɲɿɧ) ɤɿɪɝɿɡɟɦɿɡ. ɋɨɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ, ɬɟԙɞɟɫɬɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɟɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ (Fc, Fɛ ) ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ
ɚɥɵɩ ɬɚɫɬɚɩ, ɨɫɵ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɿɪ ɤԛɲɬɿ – F ɤԛɲɿɧ
ɚɥɚɦɵɡ.

ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧɟɧ, ɟɝɟɪ Fɛ z 0 ɠԥɧɟ ɆɛɈ z 0 , ɚɥ ɨɥɚɪ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ
ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɞɚɣ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ, ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ
ɤԛɲɤɟ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɟɞɿ.

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