Page 208 - index
P. 208
o
ɀԛɣɟɧɿԙ ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ȼS ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧ ɚɥɚɣɵԕ. Ȼԝɥ ɧԛɤɬɟɝɟ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ( FS(e) ) ɠԥɧɟ
o
ɿɲɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ( FS(i) ) ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɿɩ ɬԝɪɫɵɧ. Ԧɬɤɟɧ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɬɚ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɝɟɧ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚ
ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ
dk sO o 0 ( o ) o 0 ( o ) .
dt
M FS(e) M FS( i )
ɀԛɣɟɧɿԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɧԛɤɬɟɥɟɪɿ ԛɲɿɧ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿ ɠɚɡɵɩ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ
ɠɢɵɧɵɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɦɿɡ:
o ¦ ¦o ( o ) o ( o ) .
M0
¦ d ksO F (e) M0 F (i)
dt s s
ȱɲɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɟɦɿɡ, ɫɵɪɬԕɵ
o
M (e) ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵɦɟɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɣɦɿɡ ɠԥɧɟ ɠɢɧɚԕɬɚɭ (¦)
ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧ Á0
ɦɟɧ ɬɭɵɧɞɵ ( d ) ɚɥɭɞɵԙ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɭ ɤɟɡɟɝɿɧ ɚɥɦɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ, ɫɨɧɞɚ:
dt
o ¦o o o o
M0 ( ) M (e) . (98)
¦d ksO F (e) ɧɟɦɟɫɟ d KO Á0
s dt
dt
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɞɿ.
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɿԙ (98) ɟɤɿ ɠɚԑɵɧ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɟ
ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɩ, ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ
ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ:
dK x M (å) , dK y M (å) , dK z M (å) . (99)
dt Áx dt Áy dt Áz
ɋɨԙԑɵ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɤԧɪɿɧɿɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧɞɚɣ, ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚԑɚ ɿɲɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɤɿɪɝɟɧ
ɠɨԕ, ɞɟɦɟɤ, ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧɿԙ (ɨɫɶ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ) ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧɟ ɨɥɚɪ ɬɿɤɟɥɟɣ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɩɟɣɞɿ. Ɍɟɤ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ
ԑɚɧɚ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧ ԧɡɝɟɪɬɟ ɚɥɚɞɵ. Ⱦɟɝɟɧɦɟɧ, ɟɝɟɪ ɿɲɤɿ
ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɟ ɚɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɨɫɵ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ
ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧ ԧɡɝɟɪɬɟ ɚɥɚɞɵ.
§4. Ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧɿԙ ɫɚԕɬɚɥɭ ɡɚԙɵ
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɝɟɧ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɵԙ ɟɤɿ ɦɚԙɵɡɞɵ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɵɧ
ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ:
1. ɀԛɣɟ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚ, Ɉ ɰɟɧɬɪɿ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ
ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ ( M (ɟ) 0 ). Ɉɥɚɣ ɛɨɥɫɚ, 98-
Ȼx
o
d KO
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚɧ dt 0 ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɟɦɿɡ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ:
o (100)
K0 const ,
206
