Page 214 - index

¦ȿɧɞɿ 97-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɵΝ ԛɲɿɧɲɿɫɿɧ ɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɚɦɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ dk z o
dt
M z (FS ) .

Ɇɚɹɬɧɢɤɤɟ ɟɤɿ ɤԛɲ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɿɩ ɬԝɪ: ɫɚɥɦɚԕ ɤԛɲɿ ( P mg ) ɠԥɧɟ ɠɿɩɬɿԙ

ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵ ( N ). ɀɿɩɬɿԙ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵ Oz ɨɫɿɧ ɛɚɫɵɩ ԧɬɟɬɿɧ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ,
ɨɧɵԙ ɨɫɵ ɨɫɶɤɟ ԕɚɬɵɫɬɵ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ:

oo

¦ M z (FS ) M 0 (P) mgl sin M . Ɇɚɹɬɧɢɤɬɿԙ Oz ɨɫɿ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ

x

ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ k0z mvl , ɚɥ ɦԝɧɞɚԑɵ v ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ l M

ɲɚɦɚɫɵɦɟɧ ɚɥɦɚɫɬɵɪɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ k0z ml 2 x . ȿɧɞɿ k0z ɠԥɧɟ Ɇ 0 (Ɋ)

M

dml 2 x

ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɵɧ 97-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚΕɚ ԕɨɹɦɵɡ, ɫɨɧɞɚ: M mgl sinM , ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ

dt

ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɨԙ ɠɚԕԕɚ ԧɬɤɿɡɿɩ, ml 2 -ԕɚ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɬԕɚɧɧɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ,

ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɹɬɧɢɤ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ:

xx g sin M 0. (104)
l
M

Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɬɟԙɞɟɭ ɫɵɡɵԕɬɵԕ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɟɦɟɫ, ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɦɟɧ
ɲɟɲɿɥɦɟɣɞɿ.
Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɹɬɧɢɤɬɿԙ ɚɡ ɬɟɪɛɟɥɿɫɬɟɪɿɧ, ɹԑɧɢ ɠɿɩɬɿԙ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ
ɤԛɣɿɧɟɧ ɚɡ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ. Ȼԝɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ, sinM M ɞɟɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ

ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵ ɬɟԙɞɟɭ

xx g M 0. (104ɚ)
l
M

ɬԛɪɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɡɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼԝɥ ɫɵɡɵԕɬɵԕ, ɛɿɪɬɟɤɬɿ ɠԥɧɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ ɬԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɬɟԙɞɟɭ
ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɨɧɵԙ ɲɟɲɿɦɿ ɬԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿɞɟɣ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:

M M0 sin(kt E ) .

Ɍɟԙɞɟɭɞɟɝɿ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԕ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ – M0 ɠԥɧɟ ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɮɚɡɚ – E ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ

ɲɚɪɬɬɚɪɞɚɧ (17- ɠΩɧɟ 18-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɤԧɦɟɝɿɦɟɧ) ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ

ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԕ ɠɢɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵ – k g .
l

Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɹɬɧɢɤɬɿԙ ɚɡ ɬɟɪɛɟɥɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɲɚɪɬɬɚɪԑɚ
ɬԥɭɟɥɞɿ ɟɦɟɫ, ɨɧɵԙ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵ:

T 2S 2S l . (105)
k g

ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚɹɬɧɢɤɬɿԙ ɚɡ ɬɟɪɛɟɥɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɬԛɪɿ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ
ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.

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