Page 425 - index
P. 425
Ȼԧɥɝɿɲ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ԧɥɲɟɧɝɟɧ ɬɿɫɬɿԙ ԕɚɥɵԙɞɵԑɵ (6.12)
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ x % 0 ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɫɵɡ
ɠɚɫɚɥԑɚɧ ɬɿɫɿɧɟɧ ɤɿɲɿ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
ɇɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɵ ɦɟɧ ɛԧɥɝɿɲ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɿԙ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɵɧɵԙ
ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ
rb r cosD ɧɟɦɟɫɟ rb 0,5mz cosD . (6.13)
2.5. ɗɜɨɥɶɜɟɧɬɬɿ ɬɿɫɬɿ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɿ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵΙ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ. Ȼԝɥ ɠɟɪɞɟ,
ɷɜɨɥɶɜɟɧɬɬɿ ɬɿɫɬɿ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɿ, ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɚɭɵɬԕɭԑɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɹɥɵԕ
ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ. Ԥɪ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵɧɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ, ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ
ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɛԧɥɝɿɲ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɭ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɪɵɦɟɧ ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɟɧɟɬɿɧ,
ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɿԙ ԛɲ ɬԛɪɿɧ ɚɥɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɥɟɪ, ɛɿɪ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ ɬɿɫɿɧɿԙ
ɛԧɥɝɿɲ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɟɝɿ ԕɚɥɵԙɞɵԑɵ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ ɨɣɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɟɧɿɧɟ ɬɟԙ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪɞɟ ԧɡɚɪɚ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ⱥɭɵɬԕɭɥɚɪɵ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ
ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɟɪɞɟɧ ɬԝɪɚɬɵɧ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪ ɠԥɧɟ ɛɿɪ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɝɿɧɿԙ ɬɟɪɿɫ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵɧɵԙ
ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ, ɛɚɫԕɚ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɝɿɧɿԙ ɨԙ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵɧɵԙ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧ ɲɚɪɬɬɵ ԕɚɧɚԑɚɬɬɚɧɞɵɪɚ ɚɥɚɞɵ. əԑɧɢ, ɛԝɥ
ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪ ԛɲɿɧ x1 x2 0 ɠԥɧɟ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪɞɟɝɿ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟɧ
ɚɪɚԕɚɲɵԕɬɵԑɵ a 0,5mz1 z2 ɬɟԙɞɿɝɿɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɲɚɦɚ ɨɫɶ
ɛԧɥɝɿɲ ɚɪɚɥɵԕ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ ɿɥɿɧɿɫɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ D ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɞɿԙ ɠɚɫɚɭɲɵ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵɧɵԙ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ (101 ɚ-ɫɭɪɟɬ).
101-ɫɭɪɟɬ
Ȼɿɪ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ ɬɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɛԧɥɝɿɲ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɞɟɝɿ ԕɚɥɵԙɞɵԑɵ, ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɿԙ
ɨɣɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɟɧɿɧɟɧ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɫɬɟɪɞɟ, ɛԛɣɿɪɥɿɤ ԕɭɵɫ ɛɨɥɦɚɣɬɵɧ
ɿɥɿɧɿɫ ԛɲɿɧ ɨɫɶɬɟɪ ɚɪɚɫɵ bw ɛԧɥɝɿɲɩɟɧ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪԑɚɧɞɚ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛɨɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ.
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ɿɥɿɧɿɫɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ ɞɚ (D w ) ԛɥɤɟɣɟɞɿ, ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɲɟԙɛɟɪɥɟɪ
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