Page 432 - index

ɬɚԙɞɚɥɵɧɵɩ ɚɥɵɧɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. Ɉɫɵ ɲɚɦɚɧɵ (3.38) ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵɧɚ ԕɨɣɵɩ, - -ɦ

ɞɟɩ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɫɚԕ:

Kɦ 1 f l 2z tg- ɦ .
l

Ɉɫɵ ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɟɧ

tg- ɦ 1 Kɨɩɬ . (7.10)
f l 2z
l

Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ, ɟɝɟɪ Kɨɩɬ 0,85, f 0,3 z 0 ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ

tg-ɦ 0,5, -ɦ | 270 .
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɧɿԙ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɿɧɿԙ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛɨɥɦɚɭɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ,

ԕɵɫɵɦɧɵԙ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɵ,
ɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɬԛɪɞɟ, ɤԧɩ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɵɦɟɧ, ɛɿɪɚԕ ɨɥ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪ ԧɡɞɿɝɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɠɟɥɭɞɿԙ
ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɵɧɚɧ ɤԧɩ ɚɡ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɤɟɥɟɞɿ. Ⱥɥ ɟɧɞɿ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ

ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚ, ԕɵɫɵɦ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɵ 300 -ɬɚɧ ɚɫɩɚɣɬɵɧɵɧ
ɤԧɪɞɿɤ. Ԥɞɟɬɬɟ, ɨɫɵ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԙ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɛԝɪɵɲ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.

2.3. ɇɟɝɿɡɝɿ Ϋɥɲɟɦɞɟɪɞɿ Ιɵɫɵɦ ɛΡɪɵɲɵɧ ɲɟɤɬɟɭ ɲɚɪɬɵɧɚɧ ɚɧɵΙɬɚɭ.
ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚ ɚɣɬɵɥɵɩ ɤɟɬɤɟɧɞɟɣ, ԕɵɫɵɦɧɵԙ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɭԑɚ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɫɚɧɵ ɤԧɩ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɠԝɞɵɪɵԕɲɚ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɧɿԙ
ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ԧɥɲɟɦɞɟɪɿɧ ԕɚɪɚɩɚɣɵɦ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɬԝɪԑɵɡɭɥɚɪɞɚɧ ɬɚɛɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

Ʉԛɲ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɬԝɣɵԕɬɚɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ, ɠԝɞɵɪɵԕɲɚɧɵԙ ɢɬɟɪɝɿɲɤɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɬɿɧ
ԕɵɫɵɦɵɧɵԙ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ ɤԧɬɟɪɿɥɭ ɮɚɡɚɫɵɧɞɚ ԑɚɧɚ ɟɫɤɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ, ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ ɬԧɦɟɧ
ɬԛɫɤɟɧɞɟ ɢɬɟɪɝɿɲ ɬԝɣɵԕɬɚɭɲɵ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ԥɫɟɪɿɧɟɧ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɚɞɵ. Ɉɪɬɚɥɵԕ

ɢɬɟɪɝɿɲɬɿ ɠԝɞɵɪɵԕɲɚ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɞɟɝɿ ɛɚɫɬɚɩԕɵ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɬɵ ( R0 ) ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭ ԛɲɿɧ,

ɢɬɟɪɝɿɲɬɿԙ ɨɪɵɧ ɚɭɵɫɬɵɪɭɵɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ sM ɠԝɞɵɪɵԕɲɚɧɵԙ ɛԝɪɵɥɭ

ɛԝɪɵɲɵ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɚɩ, ɢɬɟɪɝɿɲɬɿԙ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԑɵɧɵԙ ( sc ds )
dM

ɝɪɚɮɢɝɿɧ ɬԝɪԑɵɡɚɦɵɡ (105 ɚ-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ɉɥ ԛɲɿɧ s ɨɫɿɧ ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɣɦɵɡ, ɚɥ
ɠԝɞɵɪɵԕɲɚɧɵԙ ɫɚԑɚɬ ɬɿɥɿɧɟ ԕɚɪɫɵ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚ ɚɣɧɚɥɭɵɧɞɚԑɵ sc ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ,
ɤԧɬɟɪɿɥɭ ɮɚɡɚɫɵɧɚɧ ɫɨɥԑɚ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɣɦɵɡ. Ⱥɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɞɟɝɿ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԕɬɵԙ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿɧɟ ( Pl ) ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɭ

ɤɟɪɟɤ.
Ɍԝɪԑɵɡɵɥԑɚɧ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɤɟ, s ɨɫɿɦɟɧ -ɦ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ ԕԝɪɚɣɬɵɧ, WW ɠɚɧɚɦɚɫɵɧ

ɠԛɪɝɿɡɟɦɿɡ. ɋɨɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ, Ɉȼ0 ɚɪɚԕɚɲɵԕɬɵԑɵ ɿɡɞɟɥɿɩ ɨɬɵɪԑɚɧ R0 ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ

(ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɧԑɚɧ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԕɬɵԙ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɵɧɞɚ) ɛɟɪɟɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ
ɲɚɪɬɬɚɪ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɟɞɿ:

- ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪԑɚɧ scs ɝɪɚɮɢɝɿɧɿԙ ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ ԛɲɿɧ, s ɨɫɿ

ɦɟɧ ab2 ɬԛɡɭɿɧɿԙ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɛԝɪɵɲ ԕɵɫɵɦ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚ (-ɦ ) ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ,
ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ ɨɫɵ ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԙ ɬɚɧɝɟɧɫɿ (7.6) ɬɟԙɞɿɝɿɧ ԕɚɧɚԑɚɬɬɚɧɞɵɪɚɞɵ;

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