Page 511 - index

ȺȺ1ȼ ԛɲɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ ɚɥɵɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ ɞɨԑɚɧɵԙ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ dz ˜ J -ԑɚ ɬɟԙ

ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ ɈȺȺ1 ԛɲɛԝɪɵɲɵɧ ɚɥɵɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ ɫɨɥ ɞɨԑɚɧɵԙ ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ –

ȡଉʘ dij ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ U ˜ dM J ˜ dz .

Ⱦɟɦɟɤ,

J U dM (ɚ)
dz

Ɇԝɧɞɚԑɵ, dM ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵɧ ș ԥɪɩɿɦɟɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɩ, ɨɧɵ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɦɚɥɵ ɛԝɪɚɥɭ
dz

ɛԝɪɵɲɵ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɣɞɵ

J U ˜T . (6.7)

ɀɨԑɚɪɵɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɪɞɵ ɟɫɤɟɪɟ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɵɫɵɪɵɥɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟɝɿ Ƚɭɤ ɡɚԙɵɧ
ɠɚɡɚɣɵԕ.
W G˜T ˜ U
(ԥ)

ɋɚԕɢɧɚɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɤԛɣɿɧɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ, ɫɬɚɬɢɤɚɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ԕԝɪɚɣɵԕ. Ɉɥ
ԛɲɿɧ ɛɿɥɿɤɬɟɧ ɛԧɥɿɧɿɩ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿ ԛɥɤɟɣɬɿɩ ԕɚɣɬɚɞɚɧ ɫɵɡɚɣɵԕ (75-
ɫɭɪɟɬ).

75-ɫɭɪɟɬ

Ɉɫɵ ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧɞɟɣ, ɟɤɿ ɪɚɞɢɚɥɞɵ ɫɵɡɵԕɬɵԙ ɤԧɦɟɝɿɦɟɧ ɲɟɤɫɿɡ ɚɡ
ɚɭɞɚɧ – dȺ ɛԧɥɿɩ ɚɥɚɣɵԕ. Ȼԝɥ ɚɭɞɚɧɞɚԑɵ ɲɟɤɫɿɡ ɚɡ ɤԛɲ W ˜ dȺ -ԑɚ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼԝɥ ɲɟɤɫɿɡ ɚɡ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ, ɿɲɤɿ ɛԝɪɚɭ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿɧɟ (Ɇɛ) ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ,
ɹԑɧɢ:

Ɇɛ ³W ˜ U ˜ dȺ (ɛ)

Ȼԝɥ ɠɟɪɞɟ, W ˜ dA – ɤԛɲ, ɨɧɵԙ ɢɿɧɿ U ; ɛԝɥɚɪɞɵ ɛɿɪ-ɛɿɪɿɧɟ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɿɩ,

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. Ɍɨɥɵԕ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɚɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɛԝɥ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɿɧɞɿɧɿ ɚɭɞɚɧ
ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɚɩ, (ɛ) ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɵɧ ɚɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ. ɂɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɚԑɵ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ
ɤɟɪɧɟɭɞɿԙ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ (ԥ) ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɵ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɥɦɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ.

³M G G ˜T ˜ U 2dA .
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