Page 528 - index

Ԧɣɬɤɟɧɿ Ⱥ'ȼ' = Ⱥ"ȼ". ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɤԧɥɞɟɧɟԙ ɢɿɥɭ ɤɟɡiɧɞɟ, ɟɝɟɪ Q=const
ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɬɿɤ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɞɿ ɬɚɛɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɬɚɡɚ ɢɿɥɭɞɿԙ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɭԑɚ
ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

V Mx ˜ɭ ɠԥɧɟ V max M max ɏ (7.15)
Jx Wx

ȿɧɞɿ ɤԧɥɞɟɧɟԙ ɢɿɥɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɞɿԙ ɠɭɵԕ
ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɣɵԕ. Ɉɥ ԛɲɿɧ ɛɨɣɥɵԕ ԕɢɦɚɞɚԑɵ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɞɿ ɬɚɭɵɩ
ɚɥɵɩ, ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɠԝɩɬɵԕ ɡɚԙɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ, ɨɧɵ ɤԧɥɞɟɧɟԙ ԕɢɦɚɞɚԑɵ
ɠɚɧɚɦɚ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɝɟ ɬɟԙɟɣɦɿɡ.

89-ɫɭɪɟɬ

Ⱥɪԕɚɥɵԕɬɚɧ, ԝɡɵɧɞɵԑɵ dz ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɛԧɥɿɩ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ (90ɚ-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ȼɟɣɬɚɪɚɩ
ɨɫɶɬɟɧ ɭ ԕɚɲɵԕɬɵԕɬɚ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ ɛɨɣɥɵԕ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԕ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿ ɟɤɿɝɟ
ɛԧɥɟɦɿɡ ɞɟ (90 ɚ,Ω-ɫɭɪɟɬɬɟɪ), ɨɧɵԙ ɬԧɦɟɧɝɿ ɠɚԑɵɧ ɚɥɵɩ ɬɚɫɬɚɩ, ԕɚɥԑɚɧ -
ɠɨԑɚɪԑɵ ɛԧɥɿɤɤɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɟɬɿɧ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɲɚɪɬɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ
(90ɛ-ɫɭɪɟɬ).

Ʉԧɥɞɟɧɟԙ ɢɿɥɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ, ɨԙ ɠɚԕ ԕɢɦɚɞɚԑɵ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԕ ԕɢɦɚɞɚԑɵɞɚɧ
ɚɣɵɪɦɚɲɵɥɵԑɵ dɆ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ. Ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪԑɚɧ ɠɨԑɚɪԑɵ ɛԧɥɿɤɤɟ
ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɟɬɿɧ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞi z ɨɫɿɧɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɣɦɵɡ.

6z 0, N W ˜ by ˜ dz (N dN) 0 (7.16)
(7.17)
W dN
dz ˜ by

ɫɨɥ ɠɚԕ ԕɢɦɚɞɚԑɵ ɛɨɣɥɵԕ ɤԛɲ: N ³V ˜ dȺ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ N ³M y1dȺ .
Ⱥ
2 Ⱥ/

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