Page 53 - index
P. 53
ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɫɨԙԑɵ ԧɪɧɟɤɬɟɧ ɤԧɪɿɧɿɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧɞɚɣ, ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ
ɬɚɧɝɟɧɫɿ ɫɬɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿɧɟ ɬɟԙ, ɹԑɧɢ
tgD f . (23)
Ȼɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ D ɞɟɧɟɫɿɧ ɠɚɧɚɫɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɞɚ ԥɪ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɬɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ,
ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɪԑɚ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɬɨɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɧɵ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. Ȼԝɥ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶԑɚ ɟԙ
ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛԝɪɵɲ ԕԝɪɚɩ ɨɬɵɪɚɞɵ. Ɍԧɛɟɫɿ ɠɚɧɚɫɭ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɵԙ ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿɧɞɟ ( A )
ɠɚɬԕɚɧ, ɚɥ ԕԝɪɚɭɲɵɥɚɪɵ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭ ɫɵɡɵԕɬɚɪɵ
ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɬɵɧ ɚɣɧɚɥɦɚ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɬɵԙ ɤɨɧɭɫɵ Οɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɤɨɧɭɫɵ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼԝɥ ɤɨɧɭɫɬɵԙ ɚɲɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚɧ ɟɤɿ ɟɫɟ ɤԧɩ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.
KAL ɤɟɞɿɪ-ɛԝɞɵɪ ɛɟɬɿɧɿԙ ԛɫɬɿɧɞɟ ɠɚɬԕɚɧ D ɞɟɧɟɫɿɧɟ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ
ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɫɿɧ. Ɉɫɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤԛɲɿ F ɞɟɧɟɧɿԙ ɠɚɧɚɫɭ
ɧԛɤɬɟɫɿ A ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ԧɬɫɿɧ (51-ɫɭɪɟɬ).
51-ɫɭɪɟɬ
ȿɝɟɪ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭ ɫɵɡɵԑɵ ԛɣɤɟɥɿɫ ɤɨɧɭɫɵɧɵԙ ɿɲɿ
ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ԧɬɫɟ, ɨɧɞɚ ɬɟԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤԛɲ ԕɚɧɲɚɥɵԕɬɵ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɦɟɧ, ɞɟɧɟ
ԕɨɡԑɚɥɦɚɣɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɧɵԙ ɞԝɪɵɫɬɵԑɵɧ ɬɟɤɫɟɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ, F ɤԛɲɿɧ F1
ɠԥɧɟ F2 ɤԛɲɬɟɪɿɧɟ ɠɿɤɬɟɣɿɤ.
Ɉɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɿɪɟɭɿ ɬɿɪɟɤ ɠɚɡɵԕɬɵԑɵɧɚ ɬɿɤ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥɫɚ, ɚɥ ɟɤɿɲɿɫɿ ɠɚɧɚɦɚ
ɛɨɣɵɦɟɧ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ. Ⱥɋȼ ԛɲɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚɧ: F1 F cosI ɠԥɧɟ F2 F sinI .
Ɍɟԙɞɿɤɬɟɪɞɟɝɿ I – F ɤԛɲɿɧɿԙ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭ ɫɵɡɵԑɵɦɟɧ Au ɧɨɪɦɚɥɿɧɿԙ
ɚɪɚɥɚɪɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɛԝɪɵɲ. Ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪԑɚɧ F1 ɤԛɲɿ ɬɿɪɟɤ ɛɟɬɿɧɟ ɬɿɤ
ԕɵɫɵɦ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɿɩ, ɛɟɬɬɿԙ ɬɿɤ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɫɵɦɟɧ ɬɟԙɟɫɬɿɪɿɥɫɟ, ɚɥ F2 ɤԛɲɿ
51
