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ɧɟɦɟɫɟ

'V dx ˜ dy ˜ dz ˜ (1 H x ) ˜ (1 H y ) ˜ (1 H z ) .

ɀɚԕɲɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɲɵɩ, ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɚɡ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɥɵɩ ɬɚɫɬɚԑɚɧɧɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ:

'V dxdydz ˜ H x H y H z .

Ʉԧɥɟɦɧɿԙ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɦɚɥɵ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧ e ԥɪɩɿɦɟɧ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɣɦɿɡ.

ɋɨɧɞɚ:

e 'V Hx Hy Hz. (8.34)
V
Ɉɫɶɬɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ ɛԝɪԑɚɧɦɟɧɟɧ, ɧԛɤɬɟɞɟɝɿ e ɲɚɦɚɫɵ ԧɡɝɟɪɦɟɣɞɿ. ɋɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɛԝɥ
ɲɚɦɚɞɚ ( e ) ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɤԛɣɞɿԙ ɬɚԑɵ ɛɿɪ ɢɧɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.

§ 8. Ƚɭɤɬɵԙ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵ
Ȼɨɣɥɵԕ ɫɨɡɵɥɭ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɵԑɵɥɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɛɿɪ ԑɚɧɚ ɛɚɫ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵ,
ɞɟɦɟɤ, ɤɟɪɧɟɥɝɟɧ ɤԛɣɞɿԙ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɠԥɧɟ ԛɲɿɧɲɿ ɢɧɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɬɚɪɵ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɟɤɟɧɿ
ɛԝɪɵɧ ɚɣɬɵɥԑɚɧ. Ȼԝɥɚɣ ɠԛɤɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪ ԛɲɿɧ, ɨɥɚɪɞɚ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ

ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪ ɦɟɧ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɵ Ƚɭɤ ɡɚԙɵ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ
ԧɪɧɟɤɬɟɝɟɧ ɟɞɿɤ.

H V. (8.35)
E

ȿɧɞɿ ԛɲ ɛɚɫ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ ɞɟ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɦɚԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɿ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ (107-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ɉɥ

ԛɲɿɧ, ɚɥɞɵɦɟɧ ɛɿɪ ԑɚɧɚ ɛɚɫ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ (V1) ɛɚɪ, ɚɥ ԕɚɥԑɚɧɞɚɪɵ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɞɟɩ
ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ (108-ɫɭɪɟɬ). Ȼԝɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɨɫɶɬɿԙ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɛɵɪԑɚɥɚɪ
ԝɡɚɪɚɞɵ ɞɚ, ԕɚɥԑɚɧ ɟɤɿ ɨɫɶɬɿԙ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɛɵɪԑɚɥɚɪ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɚɞɵ.

H I V1 , H I P V1 , H I P V1 (8.36)
1 E 2 E 3 E

Ȼԝɞɚɧ ɤɟɣɿɧ V 2 z 0 , ɚɥ V1 V 3 0 ɞɟɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɦɵɡ (109-ɫɭɪɟɬ).

107-ɫɭɪɟɬ

Ȼԝɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɨɫɶɬɿԙ ɛɚԑɵɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ ԕɚɛɵɪԑɚɥɚɪ ԝɡɚɪɚɞɵ ɞɚ, ԕɚɥԑɚɧ ɟɤɿ
ɨɫɶɩɟɧ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɫ ԕɚɛɵɪԑɚɥɚɪ ԕɵɫԕɚɪɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ:

H II P V2 , H II V2 , H II P V2 . (8.37)
1 E 2 E 3 E

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