Page 628 - index

ȿɧɞɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ɬɨɣɬɚɪɦɚ ԕɨɫɵɥɵɫɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɤɟɣɛɿɪ
ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ.
ɀɚɥɩɚԕ ԕɚԙɵɥɬɵɪ ɬɚɛɚԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɿɪɿɤɬɿɪɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɝɟɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ

ɠԛɝɿ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɞɚɦ ( t ) ɛɨɣɵɧɞɚ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɬɟɬɿɧ Pt ɤԛɲɿ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɧɚɞɵ (3-ɫɭɪɟɬ).

Ȼԝɥ ɤԛɲ ( Pt ), ɬɨɣɬɚɪɦɚ ɬɟɫɿɤɬɟɪɿɦɟɧ ԥɥɫɿɪɟɦɟɝɟɧ ɚ ɚ ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ

ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ⱥɥ V c ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ, ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɵɩ ɨɬɵɪԑɚɧ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɧɵԙ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭɿɧɟɧ ɚɥɵɧɚɞɵ:

Pt V ct s .

Ԕɚԙɵɥɬɵɪ ɬɚɛɚԕɬɵԙ b b ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɝɿ:

V t Pt s d >V @. (1)
d

4-ɫɭɪɟɬ

Ɍԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫ ɬɨɣɬɚɪɦɚ ɠɚɩɫɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ M ɞɟɩ

ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ:

M Vc t d . (2)
V t

Ɍɨɣɬɚɪɦɚ ɛɿɪɿɤɬɿɪɿɥɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɛԧɥɲɟɤɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɝɿ ɤɟɦɢɬɿɧɿ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ, ɚɥ
M ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ ɨɫɵ ɤɟɦɭɞɿԙ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɞɿ.

Ԕɚɬɚɪɞɚԑɵ ɬɨɣɬɚɪɦɚɥɚɪ ԥɪɬԛɪɥɿ ԕɚɞɚɦɦɟɧ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ, ɛɟɪɿɤ ɬɟ ɬɵԑɵɡ
ɬԧɪɬԕɚɬɚɪɥɵ ɠɚɩɫɚɪɞɚɧ ɬԝɪɚɬɵɧ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɧɵ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ (4-ɫɭɪɟɬ).
ɋɭɪɟɬɬɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɝɟɧɞɟɣ, ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ t1 ɛɚԑɵɬɵ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ 13 ɬɨɣɬɚɪɦɚ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫԕɚɧ,

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