Page 194 - index

¦ ³mv mvo t F&k dt. (75)

t0

Ȼԝɥ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɵ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɧԛɤɬɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɞɟɝɿ
(3) ɦɚɫɫɚɧɵ ɬɭɵɧɞɵ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɧɿԙ ɿɲɿɧɟ ɤɿɪɝɿɡɟɦɿɡ, ɫɨɧɞɚ:

oo
¦dm v dq
dt o dt o o (76)

FŸ F F.
k

ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɞɿ.
Ⱥɥɵɧԑɚɧ 76-ɬɟΝɞɟɭ ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿɧɿԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿɧ
ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹɥɞɵ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɞɿ, ɚɥ ɨɧɵ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɵ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɣɿɤ. Ɉɥ

oo
¦ԛɲɿɧ, ɛԝɥ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɿ: d q F dt ɠɚɡɚɣɵԕ. t0
k ɬԛɪɿɧɞɟ ȿɧɞɿ ɭɚԕɵɬ

ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧɚɧ t ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ, ɚɥ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ v0 -ɞɟɧ v ɚɪɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ ԧɡɝɟɪɟɞɿ ɞɟɩ

o

v ot o

ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɩ, ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɿԙ ɟɤɿ ɠɚԑɵɧɞɚ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɚɣɦɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ: ³ dm v ³ ¦ F k dt .
o t0

v0

ɀɢɵɧɧɵԙ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɵ – ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɚɪɞɵԙ ԕɨɫɵɧɞɵɫɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɟɫɤɟɪɿɩ,

oo to (77)

m v m v 0 ³ ¦ F k dt .

t0

ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɧɵ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ

2.3. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫ ɠΩɧɟ ɤΟɲɬiΝ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɿ. Ʉԛɲɬɿԙ, ɨɫɵ ɤԛɲɬɿԙ

ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɿɧɿԙ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɚ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɟɬɿɧ ɤԛɲ ԥɫɟɪɿɧɿԙ

ɜɟɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɲɚɦɚɫɵ ɤΟɲɬɿΝ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɿ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ. Ʉԛɲɬɿԙ ( Fk )

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɿɧ dS ɛɟɥɝɿɥɟɫɟɤ (17-ɫɭɪɟɬ), ɨɧɞɚ:

o (78)

d S k F k ˜ dt .

ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɬɟɧ t ɦɟɧ t0 ɭɚԕɵɬ ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥ – S
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧ, ɤԛɲɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɭɚԕɵɬ ɚɪɚɥɵԑɵɧɞɚԑɵ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɿ ɞɟɩ ɚɬɚɣɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ:

o to (79)

³S k Fk .
to

Ʉԛɲ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɿɧɿԙ ɋɂ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɞɟɝɿ ԧɥɲɟɦɿ - ɤɝ ˜ ɦ / ɫ , ɚɥ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ

ɠԛɣɟɞɟ – ɤɝɫ ˜ ɫ .

ȿɫɟɩɬɟɪɞɿ ɲɵԑɚɪԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ 76-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɧɵΝ ɨɪɧɵɧɚ, ɨɧɵԙ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ
ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:

¦ ¦ ¦dqxFkx ,dq y Fky , dq z Fkz . (76ɚ)
dt dt
dt

ɋɨɥ ɫɟɤɿɥɞɿ, 77-ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɧɵΝ ɨɪɧɵɧɚ, ɨɧɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɟ
ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɩ, ԛɲ ɫɤɚɥɹɪɥɵԕ ɬɟԙɞɟɭ ɚɥɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɨɥɚɪ:

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