Page 196 - index
P. 196
ȿɝɟɪ 80- ɠΩɧɟ 81-ɬɟΝɞɟɭɥɟɪɞɿ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɫɚԕ, ɨɧɞɚ
ɠԛɣɟɧiԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪiɧɿԙ ԧɡɝɟɪɭɿ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ
ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ ɬԛɪɿɧɞɟ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ:
ɚ) ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵԕ ɬԛɪɞɟ:
¦dQx F (e) ,
kx
dt
¦dQy F (e ) , (80-ɚ)
ky
dt
¦dQz F (e ) .
kz
dt
ԥ) ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɞɵԕ ɬԛɪɞɟ:
¦Qx Q0x S (e ) ,
kx
¦Qx Q0 y S (e) , (81-ɚ)
ky
¦Qx Q0z S (e) .
kz
Ɇɵɧɚ ɠɚԑɞɚɣ ɟɫɬɟ ɛɨɥɭ ɤɟɪɟɤ: ɠΟɣɟɧiΝ ΙɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪiɧɿΝ Ϋɡɝɟɪɭɿ
ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚΕɚ ɿɲɤɿ ɤΟɲɬɟɪ ɤɿɪɦɟɣɬɿɧ ɛɨɥΕɚɧɞɵΙɬɚɧ, ɨɥɚɪ ɠΟɣɟɧiΝ
ΙɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪiɧɿΝ Ϋɡɝɟɪɭɿɧɟ ɬɿɤɟɥɟɣ Ωɫɟɪ ɟɬɩɟɣɞɿ, ɛɿɪɚΙ ɠɟɤɟɥɟɝɟɧ
ɧΟɤɬɟɧɿΝ ΙɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪiɧ Ϋɡɝɟɪɬɟɞɿ.
2.5. ΘɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪiɧiΝ ɫɚΙɬɚɥɭ ɡɚΝɵ. Ⱦԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɝɟɧ ɬɟɨɪɟɦɚɧɵԙ
ɠɟɤɟɥɟɧɝɟɧ ɟɤɿ ɬԛɪɿɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ.
1. ɀԛɣɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ, ɠԛɣɟ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ
o
dQ
ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɞɚ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ. Ȼԝɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ, 80-ɬɟΝɞɟɭɞɟɧ dt 0
o
ɠԥɧɟ Q const ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɟɦɿɡ. Ⱦɟɦɟɤ, ɟɝɟɪ ɠԛɣɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ
ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ, ɠԛɣɟ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ
ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɛԝɥ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɚ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿ ԧɡɝɟɪɦɟɣɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ
ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚ ɠΟɣɟɧɿΝ ΙɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪɿɧɿΝ ɫɚΙɬɚɥɭ ɡɚΝɵ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.
2. ɀԛɣɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ
ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɿɪɟɭɿɧɞɟɝɿ ԑɚɧɚ, ɦɵɫɚɥɵ, Ox ɨɫɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵ, ɠԛɣɟ
ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɫɵɧ. Ȼԝɥ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɞɚ, 80 ɚ-
o
ɬɟΝɞɟɭɿɧɟɧ Q const ɟɤɟɧɿɧ ɤԧɪɟɦɿɡ. Ⱦɟɦɟɤ, ɠԛɣɟɝɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɫɵɪɬԕɵ
ɤԛɲɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɛɚɫ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɛɿɪɟɭɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵ,
ɠԛɣɟ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɭɚԕɵɬɵɧɞɚ ɧԧɥɝɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɫɚ, ɨɧɞɚ ɛԝɥ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɚ
ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɨɫɶɤɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵ ԧɡɝɟɪɦɟɣɞɿ. Ȼԝɥ
ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚ ɠΟɣɟ ΙɨɡΕɚɥɵɫ ɦΫɥɲɟɪɿɧɿΝ ɨɫɶɤɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɫɵɧɵΝ ɫɚΙɬɚɥɭ
ɡɚΝɵ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ԥɪɢɧɟ, ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦԧɥɲɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɫɚԕɬɚɥɭ ɡɚԙɵ – ɛɿɪ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɧԛɤɬɟ ԛɲɿɧ
ɞɟ ɡɚԙɞɵ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ, ɹԑɧɢ ɧΟɤɬɟɝɟ Ωɫɟɪ ɟɬɭɲɿ ɤΟɲɬɟɪɞɿΝ ɬɟΝ Ωɫɟɪ ɤΟɲɿ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ
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