Page 372 - index

Mm , Mk ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɣɦɵɡ. ȿɝɟɪ ɚɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɛɭɵɧɧɵԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɤɿ ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɚ

M m , ɚɥ ɨԙ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɤɿ ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɚ M k ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɫɟ, ɨɧɞɚ I m ɠԥɧɟ Ik

ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ ɬԝɪɚԕɬɵ ɛɨɥԑɚɧ ɤMɟM~~ɡkɞmɟɝcɿckԕkɨMMɡmԑmɚɥMɵMkɫkɬ.ɵ, ԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿ:
I mMm
(4.25)
I kMk

Ɇɨɬɨɪɞɵԙ ԕɭɚɬɵ ɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɬԛɪɞɟ ԛɥɤɟɧ ɛɨɥԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟ, ɨZɧ~ɵԙɬԝɪɪɨɚɬԕɨɬɪɵɵɧɞɵɟԙɩ
(ɥɚɬ. roto – ɚɣɧɚɥɚɬɵɧ) ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԕ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԑɵɧ Mm
ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ɉɥɚɣ ɛɨɥɫɚ, Mm Z~t , ɞɟɦɟɤ, (4.25) ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ

ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɟ ɬԥɭɟɥɫɿɡ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɲɟɲɿɥɟɞɿ. Ɉɧɵԙ ԛɫɬɿɧɟ, Mk

ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɵԙ Mm ɛԝɪɵɲɵɧɚɧ ɚɣɵɪɦɚɲɵɥɵԑɵ ԧɬɟ ɚɡ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ,

ɠɚɥɩɵɥɚɧԑɚɧ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɬɵ M Mk kMMmɬcԛkɪMɿɧɞɟM~ԕkɚɛɵɥɞɚɩ,
I
(4.26)

ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧ ɚɥɚɦɵɡ. ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɿԙ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿɧɟɧ ɬɟɤ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ M~ m
Ȼԝɥ ɤɟɡɞɟ (4.25)

ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ, ɚɥ ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ Ik ɛɭɵɧɧɵԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧ ɟɤɿ

ԕZ~ɨɡɬԑԝɚɪɥɚɵԕɫɬɬɵɵԙɧɟɠɝɿɢɡɝɵɿɧԕɵɨɡɪԑɚɟɥɬɿɵɧɫɞ;ɟɠԕɵɚɥɪɞɚɫɚɬɦɵɞɪɵɭԑԑɵɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ: ɛԝɪɵɲɬɵԕ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԑɵ
M ԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ, ԥɞɟɬɬɟ, ɛԝɥ

ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɬɟɪɛɟɥɿɫ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɥɚɞɵ.

Ɇɨɬɨɪ ɛɿɥɿɝɿɧɿԙ ɚɣɧɚɥɵɫɵɧ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɧɵԙ ɛɿɥɿɝɿɧɟ ɛɟɪɭɝɟ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɞɿ (61 Ω-ɫɭɪɟɬ) ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɣɵԕ. Ȼɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɞɿԙ ԕɚɬɚԙɞɵԕ

ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ ɫ1 ɠԥɧɟ ɫ2 ɛɨɥɫɵɧ. Ȼɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɛɭɵɧԑɚ ɦɨɬɨɪ ɠɚԕɬɚɧ M m

ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ ɛɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ, ɚɥ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɛɭɵɧԑɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɠɚԕɬɚɧ ԕɚɪɫɵɥɚɫɭ

ɦɨɦɟɧɬɿ Ɇ * ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɟɞɿ. Ɍɿɫɬɿ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧ ɚɡ ɲɚɦɚ
ɞɟɩ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɫɚԕ, 1-ɛɭɵɧɧɵԙ ԕI mɨMɡԑmɚɥɵMɫ~ɬmɟԙɞcɟ1ɭMɿɧ1 M1c
(4.27)

ɞɟɩ ɠɚɡɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɟɝɿ: M1– ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɿɧɿԙ ɛԝɪɵɥɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ, M1c – ɨɫɵ

ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɨԙ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɿɧɿԙ ɛԝɪɵɥɭ ɛԝMɪ~ɵ*ɲɵc.2 ȿɤɿɧɲɿ ɛɭɵɧɧɵԙ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿ:
I 2M2 (4.28)
M2c M2 ,

ɛԝɥ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɞɟɝɿ: M2c1 – ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɫɨɥ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɿɧɿԙ ɛԝɪɵɥɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ, M2 – ɨɫɵ

ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɨԙ ɠɚԕ ɲɟɬɿɧɿԙ ɛԝɪɵɥɭ ɛԝɪɵɲɵ.
Ɍɿɫɬɿ ɞԧԙɝɟɥɟɤɬɟɪ ԛɲɿɧ, ɫɟɪɩɿɦɞɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ ԕɚɬɵɧɚɫɬɚɪɵ:
c1 M1 M1c
c2 M2c M2 u 21 Ÿ M1c c1M1 c2u21M2 , M 2c M1cu21 .
c1
c2u 2
21

Ȼԝɪɵɲɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɦԥɧɞɟɪɿɧ (4.27) ɠԥɧɟ (4.28) ɬɟԙɞɟɭɥɟɪɿɧɟ ԕɨɣɵɩ,
(4.25) ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ ɚɥɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

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