Page 558 - index

ɚɣɦɚԑɵɧɚ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ, ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɥɟɪɦɟɧ ɞԥɥɟɥɞɟɧɟɬɿɧɿ ɞɟ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ. ȿɧɞɿ ɛԝɥ
ɦԥɫɟɥɟɝɟ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɬԝɪԑɵɞɚɧ ԕɚɪɚɭԑɚ ɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ, ɬԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɞɟɧ

ɠɢɧɚԕɬɚɥԑɚɧ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɞɿ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɭ ɚɪԕɵɥɵ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɫɵɧ
ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧɵɧ ɧɟɦɿɫ ԑɚɥɵɦɵ Ɇɨɪ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɬɿ. Ɇɨɪ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɫɵ
ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ, ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɲɚɪɬɵ:
V1 ɤ ˜V 3 d >V @
(9.12)

ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼԝɥ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɞɚԑɵ:

V ɫɡ – ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɵԙ ɫɨɡɵɥɭɞɚԑɵ ɚԑɭ ɲɟɝɿ;

V ɫ – ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɵԙ ɫɵԑɵɥɭɞɚԑɵ ɚԑɭ ɲɟɝɿ;

V ǧǝ ɤ ɞɟɩ ɛɟɥɝiɥɟɩ, Ɇɨɪ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɿ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ԕɚɛɵɥɞɚɣɦɵɡ.
a

V ɫ
ɚ

Ȼԝɥ ɛɟɪiɤɬiɤ ɲɚɪɬɵ ԕɚɡiɪɝi ɤɟɡɞɟ ɤɟԙiɧɟɧ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɞɵ.

§ 4. Ȼɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɿ
Ȼɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭɞɵԙ ԕɨɪɵɬɵɧɞɵɫɵɧɞɚ, ɤɟɡ ɤɟɥɝɟɧ

ɤɟɪɧɟɥɝɟɧ ɤԛɣ ԛɲɿɧ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɲɚɪɬɵɧ (9.13)

> @V ɟɫɟɩ d V

ɞɟɩ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɣɦɵɡ.
Ȼԝɥ ɠɟɪɞɟɝɿ:
ıɟɫɟɩ – ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ (ɤɟɥɬɿɪɿɥɝɟԙ) ɤɟɪɧɟɭɿ;
[ı] – ԕɚɪɚɩɚɣɵɦ ɫɨɡɵɥɭ ɠԥɧɟ ɫɵԑɵɥɭɞɚԑɵ ɦԛɦɤɿɧ ɤɟɪɧɟɭ.
Ɂɟɪɬɬɟɥɝɟɧ ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɚɪɵ ԛɲɿɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ ɤɟɪɧɟɭɥɟɪɿ:

,V V VI
ɟɫɟɩ max 1

V II
ɟɫɟɩ
E ˜ H max V1 P V2 V3 ,

,V III (9.14)
ɟɫɟɩ
2W max V1 V3

> @V IV 1 ,
ɟɫɟɩ 2
V1 V 2 2 V 2 V 3 2 V 3 V1 2

.V Ɇɨɪ
ɟɫɟɩ
V1 ɤ ˜V3

10-ɬɚɪɚɭ. ɄԚɊȾȿɅȱ ɀԚɄɌȿɆȿɅȿɊ

Ɍԥɠɿɪɢɛɟɞɟ ɠɢɿ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟɬɿɧ ԕԝɪɵɥɦɚɥɚɪ ɦɟɧ ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪɞɿԙ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧɞɟ
ɛɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɿɲɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɤɟɡɞɟɪ ɠɟɬɤɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɿɩ ɬԝɪɚɞɵ.
Ɉɫɵɧɞɚɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿ (ɠԛɣɟɥɟɪɞɿ) ɛɟɪɿɤɬɿɤɤɟ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɭ ɠɨɥɞɚɪɵ ɫɨɥ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɤɟ ԥɫɟɪ ɟɬɿɩ ɬԝɪԑɚɧ ɠԛɤɬɟɦɟɝɟ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿԙ ԕɢɦɚɫɵɧɞɚ
ɛɿɪɧɟɲɟ ɿɲɤɿ ɤԛɲɬɟɪ ɩɚɣɞɚ ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɠԛɤɬɟɦɟɧɿԙ ɬԛɪɿ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɠԛɤɬɟɦɟ ɞɟɩ
ɚɬɚɥɚɞɵ. ɋɨɧɞɚɣ ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿ ɠԛɤɬɟɦɟɥɟɪɞɿԙ ԛɲ ɬԛɪɿ ɨɫɵ ɬɚɪɚɭɞɚ
ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ.

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