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St

³ ³dS VW ˜dt Ÿ S S0 VW t Ÿ S S0 VW t .

S0 0

11-ɫɭɪɟɬ

ɋɨԙԑɵ ԧɪɧɟɤ ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ɛɿɪԕɚɥɵɩɬɵ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɬɟԙɞɟɭɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ
ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ. ȿɝɟɪ ɞɨԑɚɥɵԕ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɬɵԙ ɨɪɧɵɧɚ ɠɨɥɞɵԙ ɨԙ ɲɚɦɚɫɵɧ ɚɥɫɚԕ,
ɨɧɞɚ:

S V ˜t.
Ⱦɟɦɟɤ, ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ɛɿɪԕɚɥɵɩɬɵ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɠԛɪɝɟɧ ɠɨɥɵ,
ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕɩɟɧ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɵԙ ɤԧɛɟɣɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧɟ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ.

§3. ɇԛɤɬɟ ԛɞɟɭi
ɇԛɤɬɟ ԕɨɡԑɚɥɵɫɵɧɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɤɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԧɥɲɟɦɿɧɿԙ ɤɟɥɟɫɿɫɿ – ɨɧɵԙ
ԛɞɟɭɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ.
1. ȼɟɤɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɬԥɫɿɥ.
ɀɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɫɵɧɚɧ (6) ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɭɚԕɵɬɬɚԑɵ
ɨɪɬɚɲɚ ԛɞɟɭɿ:

ɚɨɪɬ 'Q (11)
dt

ԧɪɧɟɝɿɦɟɧ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɚɞɵ
ɇԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ԛɞɟɭɿ ɞɟɩ, 't -ɧɿԙ ɧԧɥɝɟ ԝɦɬɵɥԑɚɧ ɤɟɡɞɟɝɿ ɨɪɬɚɲɚ ԛɞɟɭɞɿԙ ɲɟɝɿɧ

ɚɣɬɚɦɵɡ, ɹԑɧɢ:

dQ d2r
'v dt dt 2
ɚ lim 't Ÿ ɚ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɚ .

ɋɨɧɵɦɟɧ, ɛɟɪɿɥɝɟɧ ɭɚԕɵɬ ɦɟɡɝɿɥɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ ԛɞɟɭɿ ɞɟɩ ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ

ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ ɭɚԕɵɬ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɛɿɪɿɧɲɿ ɬɭɵɧɞɵɫɵɧɚ ɧɟɦɟɫɟ ɧԛɤɬɟɧɿԙ
ɪɚɞɢɭɫ-ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵɧɵԙ ɭɚԕɵɬ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɚɥɵɧԑɚɧ ɟɤɿɧɲɿ ɬɭɵɧɞɵɫɵɧɚ ɬɟԙ
ɛɨɥɚɬɵɧ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɞɵ ɚɣɬɚɦɵɡ.

2
dv d
Ԛɞɟɭɞɿԙ ԧɥɲɟɦɿ >ɚ@ dt r ( v – ɠɵɥɞɚɦɞɵԕ, t – ɭɚԕɵɬ). Ԛɞɟɭɞɿԙ

dt 2

ɋɂ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧɞɟɝɿ ԧɥɲɟɦɿ ɦ / ɫɟɤ2 .
2. Ʉɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɬɵԕ ɬԥɫɿɥ
Ԛɞɟɭ ɦɨɞɭɥɿɧɿԙ ɤɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɬɚɪ ɨɫɶɬɟɪɿɧɞɟɝɿ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ:

89